diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/reddit_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/reddit_view.py
index aa8b9f43b0f..15ae0eeb846 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/reddit_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/reddit_view.py
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ def watchlist(other_args: List[str]):
 
         d_submission: Dict = {}
         d_watchlist_tickers: Dict = {}
-        l_watchlist_links = list()
-        l_watchlist_author = list()
+        l_watchlist_links = []
+        l_watchlist_author = []
 
         praw_api = praw.Reddit(
             client_id=cfg.API_REDDIT_CLIENT_ID,
@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@ def popular_tickers(other_args: List[str]):
 
         # d_submission = {}
         d_watchlist_tickers: Dict = {}
-        # l_watchlist_links = list()
-        l_watchlist_author = list()
+        # l_watchlist_links = []
+        l_watchlist_author = []
 
         praw_api = praw.Reddit(
             client_id=cfg.API_REDDIT_CLIENT_ID,
@@ -419,8 +419,8 @@ def spac_community(other_args: List[str]):
 
         d_submission: Dict = {}
         d_watchlist_tickers: Dict = {}
-        l_watchlist_links = list()
-        l_watchlist_author = list()
+        l_watchlist_links = []
+        l_watchlist_author = []
 
         # psaw_api = PushshiftAPI()
 
@@ -543,8 +543,8 @@ def spac(other_args: List[str]):
 
         d_submission: Dict = {}
         d_watchlist_tickers: Dict = {}
-        l_watchlist_links = list()
-        l_watchlist_author = list()
+        l_watchlist_links = []
+        l_watchlist_author = []
 
         # n_ts_after = int(
         #    (datetime.today() - timedelta(days=ns_parser.n_days)).timestamp()
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ def wsb_community(other_args: List[str]):
         )
 
         d_submission: Dict = {}
-        l_watchlist_links = list()
+        l_watchlist_links = []
 
         # psaw_api = PushshiftAPI()
 
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/stocktwits_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/stocktwits_view.py
index fc5eb675248..8f2a6a26f97 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/stocktwits_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/common/behavioural_analysis/stocktwits_view.py
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ def trending(other_args: List[str]):
 
         result = requests.get("https://api.stocktwits.com/api/2/trending/symbols.json")
         if result.status_code == 200:
-            l_symbols = list()
+            l_symbols = []
             for symbol in result.json()["symbols"]:
                 l_symbols.append(
                     [symbol["symbol"], symbol["watchlist_count"], symbol["title"]]
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/common/exploratory_data_analysis/eda_api.py b/gamestonk_terminal/common/exploratory_data_analysis/eda_api.py
index 4dc1df1c6d9..b2e9ad4b14f 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/common/exploratory_data_analysis/eda_api.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/common/exploratory_data_analysis/eda_api.py
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ def bwm(other_args: List[str], ticker: str, stock: pd.DataFrame, start: datetime
             "Nov",
             "Dec",
         ]
-        l_ticks = list()
+        l_ticks = []
         for val in box_plot.get_xticklabels():
             l_ticks.append(l_months[int(val.get_text()) - 1])
         box_plot.set_xticklabels(l_ticks)
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/discovery/pycoingecko_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/discovery/pycoingecko_model.py
index ed572d42586..55c62767f72 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/discovery/pycoingecko_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/discovery/pycoingecko_model.py
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ def load_binance_map() -> pd.DataFrame:
         symbol, id
     """
     path = os.path.abspath(__file__ + "/../../")
-    with open(path + "/data/binance_gecko_map.json") as f:
+    with open(path + "/data/binance_gecko_map.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
         coins = json.load(f)
 
     coins_df = pd.Series(coins).reset_index()
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/pycoingecko_helpers.py b/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/pycoingecko_helpers.py
index 9a99769c74c..bb752396ac2 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/pycoingecko_helpers.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/cryptocurrency/pycoingecko_helpers.py
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ def calculate_time_delta(date: dt.datetime) -> int:
 
 
 def get_eth_addresses_for_cg_coins(file) -> pd.DataFrame:  # pragma: no cover
-    with open(file) as f:
+    with open(file, encoding="utf8") as f:
         data = json.load(f)
         df = pd.DataFrame(data)
         df["ethereum"] = df["platforms"].apply(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/economy/fred_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/economy/fred_view.py
index 2b37597078e..961b868d274 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/economy/fred_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/economy/fred_view.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def display_series(series: str, start_date: str, raw: bool, export: str):
         Export dataframe data to csv,json,xlsx file
     """
     if export:
-        l_series_fred = list()
+        l_series_fred = []
 
     if not raw:
         _, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=plot_autoscale(), dpi=PLOT_DPI)
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ def display_series(series: str, start_date: str, raw: bool, export: str):
             "tab:cyan",
         ]
 
-        l_ts_start = list()
-        l_ts_end = list()
+        l_ts_start = []
+        l_ts_end = []
         p = {}
         success = -1
-        success_series = list()
-        success_titles = list()
+        success_series = []
+        success_titles = []
 
     for serie_term in series.split(","):
         if serie_term:
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/helper_funcs.py b/gamestonk_terminal/helper_funcs.py
index 2b4aec47bf2..5a113f4c8a0 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/helper_funcs.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/helper_funcs.py
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ def divide_chunks(data, n):
 def get_next_stock_market_days(last_stock_day, n_next_days) -> list:
     """gets the next stock market day. Checks against weekends and holidays"""
     n_days = 0
-    l_pred_days = list()
+    l_pred_days = []
     years: list = []
     holidays: list = []
     while n_days < n_next_days:
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ def get_last_time_market_was_open(dt):
 
 
 def find_tickers(submission):
-    ls_text = list()
+    ls_text = []
     ls_text.append(submission.selftext)
     ls_text.append(submission.title)
 
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ def find_tickers(submission):
     for comment in submission.comments.list():
         ls_text.append(comment.body)
 
-    l_tickers_found = list()
+    l_tickers_found = []
     for s_text in ls_text:
         for s_ticker in set(re.findall(r"([A-Z]{3,5} )", s_text)):
             l_tickers_found.append(s_ticker.strip())
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/finbrain_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/finbrain_view.py
index db14e8b0219..01f036ea357 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/finbrain_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/finbrain_view.py
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ def get_sentiments(similar: List[str]) -> pd.DataFrame:
     """
 
     df_sentiment = pd.DataFrame()
-    dates_sentiment = list()
+    dates_sentiment = []
     for ticker in similar:
         result = requests.get(f"https://api.finbrain.tech/v0/sentiments/{ticker}")
         if result.status_code == 200:
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/market_watch_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/market_watch_view.py
index 5b346347993..baf7911653f 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/market_watch_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/market_watch_view.py
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ def prepare_df_financials(
     )
 
     # Define financials columns
-    a_financials_header = list()
+    a_financials_header = []
     for financials_header in text_soup_financials.findAll(
         "th", {"class": "overflow__heading"}
     ):
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@ def prepare_df_financials(
     )
 
     for a_row in financials_rows:
-        constructed_row = list()
+        constructed_row = []
         financial_columns = a_row.findAll(
             "td", {"class": ["overflow__cell", "overflow__cell fixed--column"]}
         )
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/yahoo_finance_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/yahoo_finance_view.py
index f81de7768d0..bc53bd2c47f 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/yahoo_finance_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/comparison_analysis/yahoo_finance_view.py
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def historical(
             l_stocks = similar[:]
 
             while l_stocks:
-                l_parsed_stocks = list()
+                l_parsed_stocks = []
                 for symbol in l_stocks:
                     try:
                         df_similar_stock = yf.download(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/finra_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/finra_model.py
index 542f1769f0e..4c20ccf521a 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/finra_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/finra_model.py
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ def getTickerFINRAdata(ticker: str) -> Tuple[pd.DataFrame, pd.DataFrame]:
     """
     tiers = ["T1", "T2", "OTCE"]
 
-    l_data = list()
+    l_data = []
     for tier in tiers:
         for d_week in getFINRAweeks(tier, is_ats=True):
             status_code, response = getFINRAdata(
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ def getTickerFINRAdata(ticker: str) -> Tuple[pd.DataFrame, pd.DataFrame]:
         df_ats = df_ats.sort_values("weekStartDate")
         df_ats = df_ats.set_index("weekStartDate")
 
-    l_data = list()
+    l_data = []
     for tier in tiers:
         for d_week in getFINRAweeks(tier, is_ats=False):
             status_code, response = getFINRAdata(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/sec_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/sec_model.py
index 2f0bb1afca0..9703e793d9c 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/sec_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/sec_model.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def get_fails_to_deliver(
     # Filter by start and end dates for FTD
     else:
         base_url = "https://www.sec.gov/files/data/fails-deliver-data/cnsfails"
-        ftd_dates = list()
+        ftd_dates = []
 
         for y in range(start.year, end.year + 1):
             if y < end.year:
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/shortinterest_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/shortinterest_model.py
index 0eaad3c69c9..81011207c37 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/shortinterest_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/dark_pool_shorts/shortinterest_model.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def get_high_short_interest() -> DataFrame:
         "lxml",
     )
 
-    a_high_short_interest_header = list()
+    a_high_short_interest_header = []
     for high_short_interest_header in text_soup_high_short_interested_stocks.findAll(
         "td", {"class": "tblhdr"}
     ):
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ def get_high_short_interest() -> DataFrame:
 
     stock_list_tr = text_soup_high_short_interested_stocks.find_all("tr")
 
-    shorted_stock_data = list()
+    shorted_stock_data = []
     for a_stock in stock_list_tr:
         a_stock_txt = a_stock.text
 
@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@ def get_high_short_interest() -> DataFrame:
                 len(df_high_short_interest.index)
             ] = shorted_stock_data[:-1]
 
-        shorted_stock_data = list()
+        shorted_stock_data = []
 
     return df_high_short_interest
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/fidelity_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/fidelity_model.py
index b79c1fc9bf5..5fb37c0333e 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/fidelity_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/fidelity_model.py
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ def get_orders() -> Tuple[str, DataFrame]:
         requests.get(url_orders, headers={"User-Agent": get_user_agent()}).text, "lxml"
     )
 
-    l_orders = list()
-    l_orders_vals = list()
+    l_orders = []
+    l_orders_vals = []
     idx = 0
     order_list = text_soup_url_orders.findAll(
         "td",
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def get_orders() -> Tuple[str, DataFrame]:
         # Add value to dictionary
         if (idx + 1) % 8 == 0:
             l_orders.append(l_orders_vals)
-            l_orders_vals = list()
+            l_orders_vals = []
             idx = 0
 
     df_orders = pd.DataFrame(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/marketbeat_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/marketbeat_model.py
index 28faeca41fa..e5957463b6d 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/marketbeat_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/marketbeat_model.py
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ def get_ratings() -> List[dict]:
         Ratings list
     """
 
-    ratings = list()
+    ratings = []
     url_ratings = "https://www.marketbeat.com/ratings/"
 
     text_soup_ratings = BeautifulSoup(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_model.py
index 7e63063bd4a..31a3ceded78 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_model.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ def get_next_earnings(pages: int) -> DataFrame:
     DataFrame
         Upcoming earnings DataFrame
     """
-    earnings = list()
+    earnings = []
     url_next_earnings = "https://seekingalpha.com/earnings/earnings-calendar"
 
     for idx in range(0, pages):
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def get_next_earnings(pages: int) -> DataFrame:
         )
 
         for stock_rows in text_soup_earnings.findAll("tr", {"data-exchange": "NASDAQ"}):
-            stocks = list()
+            stocks = []
             for a_stock in stock_rows.contents[:3]:
                 stocks.append(a_stock.text)
             earnings.append(stocks)
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ def get_trending_list(num: int) -> list:
         Trending articles list
     """
 
-    articles = list()
+    articles = []
     url_articles = "https://seekingalpha.com/news/trending_news"
     response = requests.get(url_articles, headers={"User-Agent": get_user_agent()})
 
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_view.py
index eb1e66b1fa4..eb492ab8766 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/seeking_alpha_view.py
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ def upcoming_earning_release_dates(num_pages: int, num_earnings: int, export: st
 
     pd.set_option("display.max_colwidth", None)
     if export:
-        l_earnings = list()
-        l_earnings_dates = list()
+        l_earnings = []
+        l_earnings_dates = []
 
     for n_days, earning_date in enumerate(df_earnings.index.unique()):
         if n_days > (num_earnings - 1):
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/shortinterest_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/shortinterest_model.py
index 6133e86e49b..1701a3245b5 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/shortinterest_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/discovery/shortinterest_model.py
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ def get_low_float() -> DataFrame:
         "lxml",
     )
 
-    a_low_float_header = list()
+    a_low_float_header = []
     for low_float_header in text_soup_low_float_stocks.findAll(
         "td", {"class": "tblhdr"}
     ):
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def get_low_float() -> DataFrame:
 
     stock_list_tr = text_soup_low_float_stocks.find_all("tr")
 
-    low_float_data = list()
+    low_float_data = []
     for a_stock in stock_list_tr:
         a_stock_txt = a_stock.text
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def get_low_float() -> DataFrame:
         if len(low_float_data) == 8:
             df_low_float.loc[len(df_low_float.index)] = low_float_data[:-1]
 
-        low_float_data = list()
+        low_float_data = []
 
     return df_low_float
 
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def get_today_hot_penny_stocks() -> DataFrame:
         "lxml",
     )
 
-    a_penny_stock_header = list()
+    a_penny_stock_header = []
     for penny_stock_header in text_soup_penny_stock_stocks.findAll(
         "td", {"class": "tblhdr"}
     ):
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ def get_today_hot_penny_stocks() -> DataFrame:
 
     df_penny = pd.DataFrame(columns=a_penny_stock_header)
 
-    first_penny = list()
+    first_penny = []
     for idx, penny_stock_header in enumerate(text_soup_penny_stock_stocks.findAll("a")):
         if idx == 0:
             continue
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ def get_today_hot_penny_stocks() -> DataFrame:
 
     df_penny.loc[0] = first_penny
 
-    a_penny_stock = list()
+    a_penny_stock = []
     penny_idx = 1
     for idx, penny_stock in enumerate(
         text_soup_penny_stock_stocks.findAll("td", {"class": "tdi"})
@@ -107,6 +107,6 @@ def get_today_hot_penny_stocks() -> DataFrame:
         if (idx + 1) % 6 == 0:
             df_penny.loc[penny_idx] = a_penny_stock
             penny_idx += 1
-            a_penny_stock = list()
+            a_penny_stock = []
 
     return df_penny
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/business_insider_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/business_insider_view.py
index 3d34a7a8f14..5398af16321 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/business_insider_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/business_insider_view.py
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ def estimates(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
             "lxml",
         )
 
-        l_estimates_year_header = list()
-        l_estimates_quarter_header = list()
+        l_estimates_year_header = []
+        l_estimates_quarter_header = []
         for estimates_header in text_soup_market_business_insider.findAll(
             "th", {"class": "table__th text-right"}
         ):
@@ -186,13 +186,13 @@ def estimates(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
             ):
                 l_estimates_quarter_header.append(s_estimates_header)
 
-        l_estimates_year_metric = list()
+        l_estimates_year_metric = []
         for estimates_year_metric in text_soup_market_business_insider.findAll(
             "td", {"class": "table__td black"}
         ):
             l_estimates_year_metric.append(estimates_year_metric.text)
 
-        l_estimates_quarter_metric = list()
+        l_estimates_quarter_metric = []
         for estimates_quarter_metric in text_soup_market_business_insider.findAll(
             "td", {"class": "table__td font-color-dim-gray"}
         ):
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ def estimates(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
         d_metric_year = dict()
         d_metric_quarter_earnings = dict()
         d_metric_quarter_revenues = dict()
-        l_metrics = list()
+        l_metrics = []
         n_metrics = 0
         b_year = True
         for idx, metric_value in enumerate(
@@ -218,13 +218,13 @@ def estimates(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
                 if n_metrics > len(l_estimates_year_metric) - 1:
                     b_year = False
                     n_metrics = 0
-                    l_metrics = list()
+                    l_metrics = []
                     idx_y = idx
 
                 # Add value to dictionary
                 if (idx + 1) % len(l_estimates_year_header) == 0:
                     d_metric_year[l_estimates_year_metric[n_metrics]] = l_metrics
-                    l_metrics = list()
+                    l_metrics = []
                     n_metrics += 1
 
             if not b_year:
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ def estimates(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
                         d_metric_quarter_revenues[
                             l_estimates_quarter_metric[n_metrics - 4]
                         ] = l_metrics
-                    l_metrics = list()
+                    l_metrics = []
                     n_metrics += 1
 
         df_year_estimates = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
@@ -265,8 +265,8 @@ def estimates(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
         )
         # df_quarter_revenues.index.name = 'Revenues'
 
-        l_quarter = list()
-        l_date = list()
+        l_quarter = []
+        l_date = []
         for quarter_title in df_quarter_earnings.columns:
             l_quarter.append(re.split("  ending", quarter_title)[0])
             if len(re.split("  ending", quarter_title)) == 2:
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/csimarket_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/csimarket_view.py
index 7bab487c6c2..1d815bf2d44 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/csimarket_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/csimarket_view.py
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ def suppliers(ticker: str, other_args: List[str]):
         url_supply_chain = f"https://csimarket.com/stocks/competitionNO3.php?supply&code={ticker.upper()}"
         text_supplier_chain = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(url_supply_chain).text, "lxml")
 
-        l_supplier = list()
+        l_supplier = []
         for supplier in text_supplier_chain.findAll(
             "td", {"class": "plavat svjetlirub dae al"}
         ):
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def customers(ticker: str, other_args: List[str]):
             requests.get(url_customer_chain).text, "lxml"
         )
 
-        l_customer = list()
+        l_customer = []
         for customer in text_customer_chain.findAll(
             "td", {"class": "plava svjetlirub"}
         ):
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/market_watch_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/market_watch_view.py
index cbaf8135dce..69f74b736a9 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/market_watch_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/due_diligence/market_watch_view.py
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ def sec_fillings(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
             "lxml",
         )
 
-        # a_financials_header = list()
+        # a_financials_header = []
         df_financials = None
         b_ready_to_process_info = False
         soup_financials = text_soup_financials.findAll("tr", {"class": "table__row"})
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/business_insider_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/business_insider_view.py
index 4d4a5a57aad..ee588263d5c 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/business_insider_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/business_insider_view.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def management(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
             print("")
             return
 
-        l_titles = list()
+        l_titles = []
         for s_title in found_h2s["Management"].findAll(
             "td", {"class": "table__td text-right"}
         ):
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ def management(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
             ):
                 l_titles.append(s_title.text.strip())
 
-        l_names = list()
+        l_names = []
         for s_name in found_h2s["Management"].findAll(
             "td", {"class": "table__td table--allow-wrap"}
         ):
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_model.py
index 0d55d1d761b..4a01a000a1b 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_model.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ def prepare_df_financials(
     )
 
     # Define financials columns
-    a_financials_header = list()
+    a_financials_header = []
     for financials_header in text_soup_financials.findAll(
         "th", {"class": "overflow__heading"}
     ):
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def prepare_df_financials(
     )
 
     for a_row in financials_rows:
-        constructed_row = list()
+        constructed_row = []
         financial_columns = a_row.findAll(
             "td", {"class": ["overflow__cell", "overflow__cell fixed--column"]}
         )
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_view.py
index d9cc7eb7d86..fef9b4c318f 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/market_watch_view.py
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ def sean_seah_warnings(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
         )
 
         # Define financials columns
-        a_financials_header = list()
+        a_financials_header = []
         for financials_header in text_soup_financials.findAll(
             "th", {"class": "overflow__heading"}
         ):
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ def sean_seah_warnings(other_args: List[str], ticker: str):
         )
 
         # Define financials columns
-        a_financials_header = list()
+        a_financials_header = []
         for financials_header in text_soup_financials.findAll(
             "th", {"class": "overflow__heading"}
         ):
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/yield_curve_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/yield_curve_model.py
index e42f5add441..f9cfb8e5676 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/yield_curve_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/fundamental_analysis/yield_curve_model.py
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ def get_yield_curve_year(year: str) -> DataFrame:
 
     yield_table = text_soup_yield_curve.find_all("table", {"class": "t-chart"})[0]
 
-    a_yield_table_header = list()
+    a_yield_table_header = []
     for yield_table_header_col in yield_table.find("tr", {"class": None}).find_all(
         "th"
     ):
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ def get_yield_curve_year(year: str) -> DataFrame:
     df_yield_curve = pd.DataFrame(columns=a_yield_table_header)
 
     for yield_table_row in yield_table.find_all("tr", {"class": ["oddrow", "evenrow"]}):
-        a_yield_row = list()
+        a_yield_row = []
         for idx, yield_table_col in enumerate(yield_table_row.find_all("td")):
             if idx == 0:
                 a_yield_row.append(datetime.strptime(yield_table_col.text, "%m/%d/%y"))
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/government/quiverquant_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/government/quiverquant_view.py
index 786d095b840..d4f5f267318 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/government/quiverquant_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/government/quiverquant_view.py
@@ -838,7 +838,7 @@ def qtr_contracts(other_args: List[str]):
         ]
 
         max_amount = 0
-        quarter_ticks = list()
+        quarter_ticks = []
         for symbol in tickers:
             amounts = (
                 df_contracts[df_contracts["Ticker"] == symbol]
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/businessinsider_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/businessinsider_view.py
index 7d643fc267d..fef1e33fb03 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/businessinsider_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/businessinsider_view.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ def insider_activity(
         )
 
         d_insider = dict()
-        l_insider_vals = list()
+        l_insider_vals = []
         for idx, insider_val in enumerate(
             text_soup_market_business_insider.findAll(
                 "td", {"class": "table__td text-center"}
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ def insider_activity(
                 if "/" not in l_insider_vals[0]:
                     break
                 d_insider[(idx + 1) // 6] = l_insider_vals
-                l_insider_vals = list()
+                l_insider_vals = []
 
         df_insider = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(
             d_insider,
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ def insider_activity(
 
         plt.show()
 
-        l_names = list()
+        l_names = []
         for s_name in text_soup_market_business_insider.findAll(
             "a", {"onclick": "silentTrackPI()"}
         ):
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/openinsider_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/openinsider_model.py
index 63e81ba5cdd..41834675ac1 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/openinsider_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/insider/openinsider_model.py
@@ -1246,9 +1246,9 @@ def get_open_insider_data(url: str, has_company_name: bool) -> pd.DataFrame:
         print("No insider trading found.")
         return pd.DataFrame()
 
-    l_filing_link = list()
-    l_ticker_link = list()
-    l_insider_link = list()
+    l_filing_link = []
+    l_ticker_link = []
+    l_insider_link = []
 
     idx = 0
     for val in text_soup_open_insider.find_all("tbody")[1].find_all("a"):
@@ -1264,19 +1264,19 @@ def get_open_insider_data(url: str, has_company_name: bool) -> pd.DataFrame:
             l_insider_link.append("http://openinsider.com" + val["href"])
             idx = 0
 
-    l_X = list()
-    l_filing_date = list()
-    l_trading_date = list()
-    l_ticker = list()
-    l_company = list()
-    l_insider = list()
-    l_title = list()
-    l_trade_type = list()
-    l_price = list()
-    l_quantity = list()
-    l_owned = list()
-    l_delta_own = list()
-    l_value = list()
+    l_X = []
+    l_filing_date = []
+    l_trading_date = []
+    l_ticker = []
+    l_company = []
+    l_insider = []
+    l_title = []
+    l_trade_type = []
+    l_price = []
+    l_quantity = []
+    l_owned = []
+    l_delta_own = []
+    l_value = []
 
     idx = 0
     for val in text_soup_open_insider.find_all("tbody")[1].find_all("td"):
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/residuals_analysis/ra_controller.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/residuals_analysis/ra_controller.py
index 833977c3b44..a823663e683 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/residuals_analysis/ra_controller.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/residuals_analysis/ra_controller.py
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class ResidualsController:
 
         self.model_name: str = "None"
         self.model: pd.Series = None
-        self.residuals: List[float] = list()
+        self.residuals: List[float] = []
 
         self.ra_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(add_help=False, prog="ra")
         self.ra_parser.add_argument(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/screener/yahoofinance_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/screener/yahoofinance_view.py
index f2d71e1a97e..262fa3fbf34 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/screener/yahoofinance_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/screener/yahoofinance_view.py
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ def historical(other_args: List[str], preset_loaded: str) -> List[str]:
             else:
                 screen.set_filter(filters_dict=d_filters)
 
-        l_min = list()
-        l_leg = list()
+        l_min = []
+        l_leg = []
         plt.figure(figsize=plot_autoscale(), dpi=PLOT_DPI)
 
         l_stocks = screen.ScreenerView(verbose=0)
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def historical(other_args: List[str], preset_loaded: str) -> List[str]:
             print(", ".join(l_stocks))
 
         while l_stocks:
-            l_parsed_stocks = list()
+            l_parsed_stocks = []
             for symbol in l_stocks:
                 try:
                     df_similar_stock = yf.download(
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/stocks_helper.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/stocks_helper.py
index 958a205738a..ccb7a3f0545 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/stocks_helper.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/stocks_helper.py
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ def load(
 
                 df_stock_candidate.sort_index(ascending=True, inplace=True)
 
-                new_index = list()
+                new_index = []
                 for idx in range(len(df_stock_candidate)):
                     dt_time = datetime.strptime(
                         df_stock_candidate.index[idx][1], "%H:%M"
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/finnhub_view.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/finnhub_view.py
index b7b83042f23..01c5e7c4eba 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/finnhub_view.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/finnhub_view.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def plot_pattern_recognition(ticker: str, resolution: str, export: str):
         pattern,
     )
 
-    l_segments = list()
+    l_segments = []
     for i in pattern:
         a_part = ("", "")
         if "aprice" in pattern[i]:
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/tradingview_model.py b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/tradingview_model.py
index 1bc05f5b9fe..76314dc4aae 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/tradingview_model.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/stocks/technical_analysis/tradingview_model.py
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ def get_tradingview_recommendation(
 
     if not interval:
         df_recommendation = pd.DataFrame()
-        index_recommendation = list()
+        index_recommendation = []
         for interv in ["1M", "1W", "1d", "4h", "1h", "15m", "5m", "1m"]:
             # If the returned data was successful
             if result.status_code == 200:
diff --git a/gamestonk_terminal/thought_of_the_day.py b/gamestonk_terminal/thought_of_the_day.py
index 7e3c7b9ed54..9889c697e65 100644
--- a/gamestonk_terminal/thought_of_the_day.py
+++ b/gamestonk_terminal/thought_of_the_day.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class ThoughtOfTheDay:
             "div"
         )
 
-        page_count = list()
+        page_count = []
         for a_page_ref in find_navigation.find_all("a", href=True):
             page_count.append(a_page_ref.text.strip("\n"))
 
diff --git a/tests/test_cryptocurrency/test_coingecko_crypto.py b/tests/test_cryptocurrency/test_coingecko_crypto.py
index 6e4e98de25a..b514388571a 100644
--- a/tests/test_cryptocurrency/test_coingecko_crypto.py
+++ b/tests/test_cryptocurrency/test_coingecko_crypto.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ from gamestonk_terminal.cryptocurrency.due_diligence.pycoingecko_model import Co
 def get_bitcoin(mock_load):
     # pylint: disable=unused-argument
     print(os.getcwd())
-    with open("tests/data/btc_usd_test_data.json") as f:
+    with open("tests/data/btc_usd_test_data.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
         sample_return = json.load(f)
     mock_load.return_value = sample_return
     return dd_pycoingecko_view.load(["-c", "bitcoin"])
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class TestCoinGeckoAPI(TestCase):
         Mock returns a dict saved as .json
         """
 
-        with open("tests/data/btc_usd_test_data.json") as f:
+        with open("tests/data/btc_usd_test_data.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
             sample_return = json.load(f)
 
         mock_load.return_value = sample_return
diff --git a/tests/test_fa/test_fa_av_view.py b/tests/test_fa/test_fa_av_view.py
index 4881f11816b..ae75db76755 100644
--- a/tests/test_fa/test_fa_av_view.py
+++ b/tests/test_fa/test_fa_av_view.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def mocked_requests_get(*args, **kwargs):
 
     base = "https://www.alphavantage.co/query?function="
     if args[0] == f"{base}OVERVIEW&symbol=GME&apikey={cfg.API_KEY_ALPHAVANTAGE}":
-        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_overview.json") as f:
+        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_overview.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
             data = json.load(f)
         return MockResponse(data, 200)
 
@@ -42,22 +42,22 @@ def mocked_requests_get(*args, **kwargs):
         args[0]
         == f"{base}INCOME_STATEMENT&symbol=GME&apikey={cfg.API_KEY_ALPHAVANTAGE}"
     ):
-        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_income.json") as f:
+        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_income.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
             data = json.load(f)
         return MockResponse(data, 200)
 
     if args[0] == f"{base}BALANCE_SHEET&symbol=GME&apikey={cfg.API_KEY_ALPHAVANTAGE}":
-        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_balance.json") as f:
+        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_balance.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
             data = json.load(f)
         return MockResponse(data, 200)
 
     if args[0] == f"{base}CASH_FLOW&symbol=GME&apikey={cfg.API_KEY_ALPHAVANTAGE}":
-        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_cash.json") as f:
+        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_cash.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
             data = json.load(f)
         return MockResponse(data, 200)
 
     if args[0] == f"{base}EARNINGS&symbol=GME&apikey={cfg.API_KEY_ALPHAVANTAGE}":
-        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_earnings.json") as f:
+        with open("tests/data/json/fa_av_earnings.json", encoding="utf8") as f:
             data = json.load(f)
         return MockResponse(data, 200)
 
diff --git a/tests/test_fa/test_fa_yield_curve_model.py b/tests/test_fa/test_fa_yield_curve_model.py
index 91b91d3dd3b..e6afff7bece 100644
--- a/tests/test_fa/test_fa_yield_curve_model.py
+++ b/tests/test_fa/test_fa_yield_curve_model.py
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class TestFaYieldCurveModel:
         expected_result,
     ):
 
-        rets = list()
+        rets = []
         for a_ret in mock_get_yield_curve_year_rets:
             rets.append(
                 pd.read_csv(StringIO(a_ret), header=0, index_col=0, parse_dates=True)