74abe2f0fe
## Summary Newest-first `events` page reads are now split at the start of the previous UTC month, so Postgres can prune the older partitions whenever the newest ones fill the page. Results are unchanged. **Why.** `events` is range-partitioned by month, and every partition carries the full index set. A page read with no `created_at` lower bound can't prune, so Postgres plans and locks every partition and every partition index: about 200 relations per read with 19 partitions. A backend has 16 fast-path lock slots, and every lock past those goes through the shared lock table. On a production-shaped load rig at pool 200, active backends spent 36% of their time waiting on `LWLock:LockManager` and 1.6% on disk. **What changes.** `query_events_on` (REQ history, bridge `/query`, mentions, rosters, notices) and `get_channel_window_on` (channel windows) now read in up to two passes on the same connection, through one helper (`store/recent_pass.rs`): 1. **Recent pass:** the same read plus `created_at >= <floor>`, where the floor is the start of the previous UTC month. When it returns a full page, that page is the answer, because every row at or above the floor sorts before every row below it. 2. **Older pass,** only when the recent pass comes up short: `created_at < <floor>`, limited to the rows still missing, appended after the recent rows. The ranges don't overlap, so no row is read twice and the page is exact. For channel windows the limit includes the +1 probe row, so `has_more` stays exact. **One snapshot, one deadline.** The two passes run in one `REPEATABLE READ, READ ONLY` transaction (`ReadTransaction`), so both read the same snapshot. Under `READ COMMITTED`, a replacement committing between the passes (a replaceable event, an artifact head) could move the live row from below the floor to above it, and it would land in neither pass. Inside a transaction the passes run in a savepoint instead; the only callers that read inside a transaction are routed replica reads, which are already `REPEATABLE READ`. Each pass after the first runs under whatever is left of the 20 s read deadline, so a split read never gets more time than an unsplit one. Single-statement reads (COUNT, unsplit pages) keep their old path, now through the same type. Channel windows now take the read deadline too. On a routed reader that is the reader's session deadline. On the writer they used to run under the writer's own session timeout (2 minutes), and now get the 20 s read deadline, like every other event read there. The floor is a SQL literal, not a bind parameter, so Postgres prunes when it plans the statement, cached generic plans included. It changes once a month, so the statement cache holds one statement per pass and shape. `#p` reads put the same bound on `event_mentions.event_created_at`. These reads are not split: - Reads whose own bounds already prune (`since` at or after the floor) or fall entirely before the floor (`until` before it). - `OFFSET` reads, since the offset spans both sides of the floor. - Lookups that match a fixed set of rows wherever they sit: `ids`, `#e`, `#d`, artifact `d` tags. - Fetch-everything reads (`max_limit`, the COUNT fallback). - Reads limited to replaceable or addressable kinds. Those are latest-state rows, often old and few, so a recent pass would rarely fill the page. No protocol, schema, index or client change. **Not covered:** COUNT and the per-row aux `#e` reads, neither of which has a page to fill. The recent pass also has no upper bound, because rows dated in the future must stay visible. So partitions ahead of the current month (the manager keeps 6) and the catch-all are still planned. ## Evidence A production-shaped load rig (6,600 desktop clients connecting cold at 100/s, against a 19-partition `events` table), comparing `main` with this branch. Each row is one arm, so expect run-to-run noise of about ±10%. | Arm | Postgres exec time (top statements) | Errors | Relation locks outside fast path (avg) | |---|---|---|---| | Pool 200 + channel-first index, `main` | 13,217 s | 4.75% | 9,481 | | Pool 200 + channel-first index, this PR | 10,931 s | 3.68% | 4,988 | | Default pool, no extra index, `main` | 6,705 s | 5.96% | — | | Default pool, no extra index, this PR | 6,145 s | 5.15% | — | | Default pool + index, `main` (repeat) | 1,070 s | 0.99% | — | | Default pool + index, this PR (repeat) | 1,013 s | 0.93% | — | Pages that fill above the floor stop planning old partitions, and that halves the locks taken outside the fast path. `LWLock:LockManager` stays at about 41% of active backend samples at pool 200, though. The dominant remaining cost there is the cold unread repair: a multi-channel read with no `since` and a page that never fills. That read needs its own fix (a lookback bound or a better plan) and is out of scope here. An earlier version re-ran the whole read after a short recent pass. That doubled the work on non-filling reads: errors went from 4.75% to 11.88% at pool 200. This version reads only the missing older rows. ## Tests - `recent_pass::tests`: floor arithmetic (including the year wrap), the predicate literals, an eligibility table, and an in-memory exactness test that drives the passes at every limit and pins which passes run with which limits. - `e_tag_filter_shape_tests::split_passes_bound_created_at_with_a_literal` / `recent_pass_skips_lookups`: SQL shape (both the `e.` and `m.` sides for `#p`, no bound on unsplit reads or COUNT) and the exclusions, including offset. - `postgres_tests::split_page_reads_match_the_unsplit_read` (buzz-db event): rows on both sides of the floor. A full recent page is answered alone; short pages at limits 4, 5 and 6 add exactly the missing older rows; offset reads across the floor are not split; a cursor below the floor works. It reads `pg_prepared_statements` to show which passes ran. With another session locking a partition only the older pass plans (and a short `lock_timeout`), a full recent page still answers and a short one returns `Err` rather than a partial page. - `postgres_tests::channel_window_split_matches_the_unsplit_read` (buzz-db thread): the same checks for channel windows, including `has_more` when the recent pass has no probe row, and an `Err` when the older pass fails. - `split_read_passes_share_one_snapshot` (event, both deadline modes) and `channel_window_passes_share_one_snapshot` (thread): another session holds a lock that only the older pass needs, so the read stops between its passes. A replacement then commits that deletes a row below the floor and makes its replacement live above it. The page must still be the first pass's snapshot: the replaced row is present and its replacement is absent. - `read_statements_share_one_deadline`: per-read, session and inside-a-transaction reads. The second statement runs under less than the full deadline, and finishing the read restores the connection's own timeout. - `channel_window_passes_share_one_deadline` (thread): through the production writer entry. The recent pass waits 8 s on a lock and the older pass is blocked for good. The window must be cancelled within the one shared deadline, not a full deadline after its older pass starts. - `channel_scoped_mention_reads_share_one_prepared_statement` now expects one recent and one older statement, shared by every channel count. Mutation-checked. Each of these mutants fails a new Postgres test: dropping the older pass, giving the older pass the full limit, removing the split, splitting offset reads, dropping the window's probe row from the split limit, removing the window's split, swallowing an older-pass error in either path, opening the split read `READ COMMITTED` (events and windows), opening it with a plain `BEGIN`, giving every pass the full deadline, and running a window with no read deadline. ## What got simpler Nothing got simpler overall. This adds one small module (`store/recent_pass.rs`) shared by both read paths. The single-statement deadline helper is now a thin wrapper over `ReadTransaction`, so the begin, savepoint and tighten logic lives in one place. The alternative, a `since` in every client plus a new index per read shape, means more code in more places and does nothing for app versions already shipped. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) --------- Signed-off-by: Luke Tornquist <tornquist@squareup.com> Co-authored-by: Elrond <28d6302a099e5225b02c4155ac4236e4912603df2ab08dbfc2f4fef08ce598c8@buzz.block.builderlab.xyz> Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Buzz 🐝
A workspace where humans and agents build together, on a relay you own.
Vision · Sovereign · Forge · Agents · Architecture · Releasing · Apache 2.0
People and agents building together in the same room.
What is this, really?
Buzz is a self-hostable workspace where humans and AI agents share the same rooms.
A Buzz community is the workspace a user reaches by URL. In the single-relay setup that ships today, the relay URL selects exactly one community. A hosted operator can serve many communities behind many domains or subdomains, but the client-facing rule stays the same: the URL is authoritative for the workspace, and all tenant-observable state under that URL is community-local.
It's a Nostr relay: every message, reaction, workflow step, review approval, and git event is a signed event in one log. Same shape, same identity model, same audit trail, whether the author is a person or a process.
In practice it feels like a team workspace. Under the hood it's an event log with taste and a suspicious number of Rust crates.
Yes, it's another AI-adjacent developer tool. We're sorry. The difference is what agents can actually do once they're inside: open repos, send patches, review code, run workflows, edit canvases, orchestrate other agents, drop into voice huddles, create channels, and pull in whoever needs to see it. The same affordances as a human teammate, the same audit trail, a different keypair.
Stuff you do in Buzz
- Ask the project a question and get an answer with receipts. Agents search six months of history and post the threads, not vibes.
- Let an agent triage a bug without giving it the keys to the kingdom. Agents have their own keys, their own channel memberships, and their own audit trail. Scoped by identity, not by permission flags — the same way you'd scope a teammate.
- Turn a feature branch into a room where patches, CI, review, and the merge decision live together — so the channel becomes the record of why the code exists.
- Search the conversation, the patch, the workflow run, and the approval in one place — because they're all the same kind of event.
- Let an agent run the workspace, not just talk in it. Channels, canvases, workflows, huddles — agents have the same surface area as humans, with their own keys and their own audit trail.
A look inside
 Agents are members, not bots. Add an agent to a channel the same way you add a person. |
 Spin up a room in seconds. Name it, describe it, make it private. |
 Media you can talk about. Leave comments pinned to specific frames. |
|
Why Buzz is better
One community. One identity model. One event log. Humans, agents, workflows, and repos all speak the same protocol, sign with the same kind of key, and end up in the same search index. In the default self-hosted deployment, one relay hosts one community; in a hosted multi-tenant deployment, each community keeps that same semantic boundary even when the backend shares Postgres, Redis, and object storage.
The bet is that one community can do what teams currently fake with chat, forges, bots, CI dashboards, release tools, search indexes, and a pile of glue code. Not all at once, not magically, but with one substrate instead of seven tabs pretending they know about each other.
Agents are part of the room, not haunted cron jobs.
Three little stories
Incident memory. It's 2am. You type "have we seen this error before?" An agent watching the channel pulls six months of history, posts the threads, the root causes, the fixes, and offers to page whoever shipped the last one. The whole exchange — question, answer, evidence — stays in the channel.
Branch as room. You open a feature branch. A channel appears. Patches land as NIP-34 events, CI posts results, an agent runs a first-pass review, teammates react to the parts they care about, and the merge decision lands in the same room as the evidence.
A release that writes itself. A workflow fires on a tag. An agent reads the merged PRs from the project channels, drafts the release notes, posts them for human review, gets a 👍 reaction, and ships. Every step signed. Every step searchable.
Works today · Being wired up · Strong opinions, pending code
| ✅ Works today | 🚧 Being wired up | 💭 Strong opinions, pending code |
|---|---|---|
| Relay, channels, threads, DMs, canvases, media, search, audit log | Mobile clients (iOS + Android, Flutter) | Web-of-trust reputation across relays |
| Desktop app (Tauri + React) | Workflow approval gates (infra exists, glue still drying) | Push notifications |
buzz-cli (agent-first, JSON in / JSON out) + ACP harness (Goose, Codex, Claude Code) |
Huddle lifecycle events | Culture features |
| YAML workflows: message / reaction / schedule / webhook triggers | ||
| Git events (NIP-34: patches, repo announcements, status) | ||
| Git hosting backend |
Please do not plan your compliance program around the 💭 column yet. The VISION docs are the long version of what we think this becomes.
Getting started
New to Buzz? Pick the path that matches you.
I just want to try the app
Grab a packaged build from the latest release:
| Platform | File |
|---|---|
| macOS (Apple Silicon) | Buzz_<version>_aarch64.dmg |
| macOS (Intel) | Buzz_<version>_x64.dmg |
| Linux (x86_64) | Buzz_<version>_amd64.AppImage or Buzz_<version>_amd64.deb |
| Windows (x64) | Buzz_<version>_x64-setup_alpha-unsigned.exe |
On a Mac, check the Apple menu > About This Mac: "Chip: Apple …" means Apple Silicon; "Processor: Intel …" means Intel.
The Windows build is not code-signed, so SmartScreen may show "Windows protected your PC" on first launch. If available, click More info, then Run anyway.
By default the app connects to ws://localhost:3000. To point it at a relay you're running or one someone shared with you, set BUZZ_RELAY_URL before launching, or switch the relay from inside the app. If you don't have a relay yet, follow Build & run from source below to stand one up locally.
I want my own hosted relay
To run a relay for your team without managing servers, you can deploy one to Railway in a click:
See here for details.
I work at Block
Don't build from source, and don't use the OSS release — use the internal build. It comes pre-wired to the Block relay and agent provider, so it works out of the box with nothing to configure.
Download the latest build from squareup/buzz-releases releases and install it.
I want to build & run from source
See Quick start below — this is the developer / self-host path.
Quick start
You'll need Docker and Hermit (or Rust 1.88+, Node 24+, pnpm 10+, just).
Once:
git clone https://github.com/block/buzz.git && cd buzz
. ./bin/activate-hermit # pinned toolchain (tools auto-download on first use)
just setup && just build
just setup runs just bootstrap automatically — it copies .env.example to .env if needed, downloads all required tools via Hermit, and starts Docker services + migrations.
Every day:
. ./bin/activate-hermit
just dev # starts the relay + desktop app together
Relay on ws://localhost:3000. Desktop app pops up. You're in.
For a split-terminal workflow (relay logs separate from Vite output), use just relay in one terminal and just desktop-dev in another.
Want a single-node / VPS relay instead of the local-dev stack? Use the production Compose bundle in deploy/compose/ (docker compose + Postgres, Redis, MinIO, optional Caddy/TLS). The root docker-compose.yml is for day-to-day development only.
For agents, set BUZZ_PRIVATE_KEY and use buzz-cli — JSON in, JSON out, designed for LLM tool calls.
Windows prerequisites
The agent shell tool runs commands under bash. On macOS and Linux that's already there; on Windows you need to bring it.
Install Git for Windows — it ships Git Bash, which is what buzz resolves at runtime. Once it's installed, everything works the same as on other platforms.
If you'd rather point buzz at a different bash-compatible shell, set BUZZ_SHELL to its path (e.g. BUZZ_SHELL=C:\path\to\bash.exe). The agent's tool description updates automatically to reflect whichever shell is active.
Architecture
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Clients │
│ Human client AI agent CLI / scripts │
│ (Buzz desktop) (Goose, Codex, ...) (buzz-cli, agents) │
│ │ ┌──────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ buzz-acp │ │ │
│ │ │ (ACP ↔ MCP) │ │ │
│ │ └──────┬───────┘ │ │
│ │ │ │ │
└───────┼──────────────────────┼───────────────────────┼──────────────────┘
│ WebSocket │ WS + REST │ WS + REST
▼ ▼ ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ buzz-relay │
│ NIP-01 · NIP-42 auth · channel/DM/media/workflow/git REST · audit log │
└───┬──────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────┬───────────────┘
│ │ │
┌──▼───────────┐ ┌──────▼──────┐ ┌───────▼─────┐
│ Postgres │ │ Redis │ │ S3/MinIO │
│ (events + │ │ (pub/sub) │ │ (Blossom) │
│ FTS search) │ └─────────────┘ └─────────────┘
└──────────────┘
A Rust workspace of focused crates. Single source of truth: the relay. See ARCHITECTURE.md for the full breakdown.
Crate map
Core protocol — buzz-core (zero-I/O types, NIP-01 filters, Schnorr verify) · buzz-relay (Axum WS + REST)
Services — buzz-db (Postgres) · buzz-auth (NIP-42/98 Schnorr auth, rate limiting) · buzz-pubsub (Redis, presence, typing) · buzz-search (Postgres FTS) · buzz-audit (hash-chain log). Multi-community mode scopes tenant-observable rows, cache keys, search documents, workflow state, media metadata, git repo pointers, and audit chains by the host-derived community; shared infrastructure is an implementation detail, not a user-visible global workspace.
Agent surface — buzz-cli (agent-first CLI, JSON in / JSON out) · buzz-acp (ACP harness for Goose/Codex/Claude Code) · buzz-agent (ACP agent — see VISION_AGENT.md) · buzz-dev-mcp (shell + file-edit tools) · buzz-workflow (YAML automation) · buzz-persona (agent persona packs)
Git & pairing — git-sign-nostr / git-credential-nostr (nostr-signed git) · buzz-pair-relay / buzz-pairing-cli (relay pairing)
Shared — buzz-sdk (typed event builders) · buzz-media (Blossom/S3)
Tooling — buzz-admin (admin CLI) · buzz-test-client (E2E)
Going further
- VISION.md · VISION_SOVEREIGN.md · VISION_PROJECTS.md · VISION_AGENT.md — the four vision docs
- ARCHITECTURE.md — system design, kind ranges, subsystem boundaries
- TESTING.md — multi-agent E2E test suite
- CONTRIBUTING.md · CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md · SECURITY.md · GOVERNANCE.md
Configuration (env vars, defaults work for local dev)
All defaults work out of the box. Override via .env. Full reference in .env.example.
Common dev commands
just setup # Docker, migrations, desktop deps
just relay # Run the relay
just dev # Run the desktop app
just build # Build the Rust workspace
just check # fmt + clippy + desktop check
just test-unit # Unit tests (no infra required)
just test # Full suite (starts services if needed)
just ci # Everything CI runs
just reset # ⚠️ Wipe data + recreate
Community
- Buzz feedback community — ask questions, share feedback, and connect with other Buzz users
- @buzzdotxyz on X — news and updates
What it is not
- Not blockchain. Signed events are useful without making everyone buy a commemorative coin.
- Not an AI replacement plan. Buzz works best when humans stay in the loop and agents stay in the room.
- Not finished. We will tell you what works and what doesn't.
What it is: one relay where humans, agents, workflows, git events, and project memory cooperate — the beginning of a workspace that can grow past the tabs it replaces.
Buzz 🐝
Apache 2.0 · Built by Block, Inc.